Required Navigation Performance (RNP) is a type of performance-based navigation (PBN) that allows an aircraft to fly a particular path between two 3D defined points in space. Since 2009, the regulatory authorities of Peru, Chile and Ecuador have implemented more than 25 RNP-AR approach procedures developed in collaboration with LAN Airlines. [4] The benefits have been reduced greenhouse gas emissions and improved airport accessibility on mountainous terrain. The use of RNP AR approaches in Cusco, near Machu Picchu, reduced cancellations by 60 percent due to bad weather on flights operated by LAN. [5] Inspired by a 2011 white paper, ICAO published the Standard Established on RNP-Authorization Required (EoR) in November 2018 to reduce the separation of parallel runways, improve traffic flow while reducing noise, emissions and distances travelled. Like Denver International, it was implemented at Calgary International in more than three years, reducing the end-of-route flight requirement from 20 to 4 miles (32.2 to 6.4 km) before reaching trajectory-based operations. Since 40% of incoming aircraft are equipped for RNP-AR flight, 3,000 RNP-AR approaches per month would save 33,000 miles (53,000 km) and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2500 tons in the first year. [7] The approach navigation specifications cover all segments of the instrument approach. RNP specifications are called prefixes and a shortcut, for example. B RNP APCH (for RNP approach) or RNP AR APCH (approach required for RNP authorisation). An RNAV system capable of meeting the performance requirements of an RNP specification is called an RNP system.
Because specific performance requirements are defined for each navigation specification, an aircraft certified for an RNP specification is not automatically certified for all ARNV specifications. Similarly, an aircraft approved for an RNP or RNAV specification with strict accuracy requirements is not automatically certified for a navigation specification with a less stringent accuracy requirement. An RNP system uses its navigation sensors, system architecture, and operating modes to meet the requirements of the RNP navigation specification. . . .